Marzo 2026
DOI
ISSN
3091-180X
Vol. 4 No.10 PP. 56-69
sistematización requiere de una infraestructura tecnológica adecuada, validar científicamente
la técnica, formación especializada y un marco ético y regulatorio que dé garantías para su
explotación de forma segura y responsable.
Palabras clave: inteligencia artificial, laboratorio clínico, diagnóstico médico, machine learning,
automatización, medicina de precisión
ABSTRACT: The digital transformation that healthcare systems have undergone has led to
the adoption of artificial intelligence in numerous medical services, with clinical laboratories
standing out as the sector best adapting to this practice in terms of improving the analysis and
interpretation of biomedical data. Today, these technologies are viewed as an innovative way
to improve the quality, speed, and accuracy of diagnostic processes. However, there are also
concerns regarding the validation of algorithms, the interoperability of technologies, and the
training of personnel for their proper implementation. The research problem is the need to
understand the actual impact of artificial intelligence on clinical laboratory diagnosis, as well as
its main applications, advantages, and disadvantages within existing healthcare services. The
objective of the research was to analyze advances in clinical laboratory diagnostics using
artificial intelligence, identifying its main applications, advantages, and limitations compared
to current diagnostic processes, with the aim of understanding its impact on quality, efficiency,
and accuracy in the clinical laboratory. The methodology employed was a qualitative and
descriptive literature review. International scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web
of Science, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, and Google Scholar were searched, yielding a total of
35 relevant scientific publications released between 2020 and 2025. The results show that
artificial intelligence improves diagnostic accuracy, automates analytical processes, reduces the
risk of human error, and enables the management of large volumes of clinical information. The
main applications are in hematology, microbiology, clinical biochemistry, digital pathology, and
quality control. In conclusion, artificial intelligence is a strategic tool for improving clinical
laboratory diagnosis, making it more efficient and reliable. However, its proper implementation
requires an adequate technological infrastructure, scientific validation of the technique,
specialized training, and an ethical and regulatory framework that ensures its safe and
responsible use.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, clinical laboratory, medical diagnosis, machine learning,
automation, precision medicine
INTRODUCCIÓN
La transformación digital de los sistemas de salud ha promovido la introducción de emergentes
tecnologías en un sinfín de campos de la medicina, siendo la inteligencia artificial (IA) una de las
novedades que tiene la capacidad más sobresaliente para revolucionar los procesos diagnósticos.
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