Marzo 2026
DOI
ISSN
3091-180X
Vol. 4 No.11 PP. 235-254
información. Se concluyó que la transformación del laboratorio clínico hacia modelos
inteligentes puede fortalecer la calidad y eficiencia de los procesos y complementar la toma de
decisiones diagnósticas, siempre que su implementación se acompañe de validación científica,
supervisión profesional y mecanismos adecuados de gobernanza.
Palabras clave: automatización de laboratorios, inteligencia artificial, transformación digital,
laboratorio clínico, aprendizaje automático, toma de decisiones diagnósticas
ABSTRACT: Smart automation and digital transformation are progressively changing the
organization and operation of clinical laboratories through the incorporation of automated
systems, artificial intelligence, machine learning, interoperability, and digital data
management. These technologies have enabled the optimization of different laboratory
processes and created new opportunities to improve quality, safety, operational efficiency, and
diagnostic decision support. The objective of this review was to analyze recent scientific
evidence on the impact of smart automation and digital transformation in clinical laboratories
on process quality, operational efficiency, and diagnostic decision-making. A qualitative,
descriptive-analytical bibliographic review was conducted, considering scientific publications
published between 2021 and 2026 and identified through PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of
Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Search terms related to laboratory automation,
artificial intelligence, machine learning, digital transformation, laboratory information systems,
quality, and clinical decision support were used. The selected evidence was organized using an
analytical matrix and synthesized through narrative and thematic analysis. The findings showed
that automation contributed to process standardization, improved traceability, reduced
manual activities, and optimized processing times, while artificial intelligence and machine
learning expanded capabilities for data analysis, pattern recognition, and result interpretation
support. However, implementation was conditioned by technological infrastructure,
interoperability, data quality, algorithm validation, professional training, and information
security. It was concluded that the transformation of clinical laboratories toward intelligent
models can strengthen process quality and efficiency and complement diagnostic decision-
making, provided that implementation is accompanied by scientific validation, professional
oversight, and appropriate governance mechanisms.
Keywords: laboratory automation, artificial intelligence, digital transformation, clinical
laboratory,machine learning, diagnostic decision-making
INTRODUCCIÓN
La medicina de laboratorio es un componente clave del sistema de atención sanitaria actual, pues
los resultados analizados de las muestras biológicas aportan información imprescindible para el
diagnóstico de la enfermedad, previsión del curso clínico, seguimiento terapéutico y prevención
236
VITALYSCIENCE REVISTA CIENTÍFICA MULTIDISCIPLINARIA
+593 97 911 9620