diferencias significativas según nivel educativo o edad, sí se observó una tendencia favorable
en personas con formación universitaria o de cuarto nivel. Se concluye que, aunque el nivel
general de conocimiento es alto, existen brechas que justifican la implementación de
programas educativos dirigidos a padres y docentes. Fortalecer la sinergia entre el hogar y la
escuela es clave para prevenir enfermedades bucales y promover hábitos saludables desde la
infancia.
Palabras clave: Salud bucodental, higiene bucal, padres, promoción de la salud, educación
preescolar
ABSTRACT: This cross-sectional, quantitative study addresses oral health in preschool-aged
children, an essential component of child well-being that influences their overall development,
quality of life, and academic performance. This study is justified by the high prevalence of caries
in Ecuador, especially in provinces such as Chimborazo, where access to dental services and
preventive programs is limited. Identifying the level of knowledge among parents and teachers
allows for effective educational strategies from the earliest years of life. The main objective
was to evaluate and compare the level of oral health knowledge among parents and teachers
at the Safari Kids Early Childhood Education Center in Riobamba, Ecuador. Their understanding
of dental caries, prevention, healthy eating, and oral hygiene practices was analyzed. A cross-
sectional, quantitative study was designed. A structured 20-item questionnaire validated by
experts in pediatric dentistry and higher education was administered. One hundred
participants: 95 parents and 5 teachers. The results were classified into levels: very good, good,
fair, and poor. Statistical analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk test and the Tukey test. The results
showed that 61% of participants achieved a "very good" level of knowledge, 36% a "good" level,
and 3% a "fair" level, with no cases achieving a "poor" level. Teachers obtained significantly
higher scores than parents (p=0.026), although no significant differences were found based on
educational level or age. A favorable trend was observed among individuals with university or
post-secondary education. It is concluded that, although the general level of knowledge is high,
there are gaps that justify the implementation of educational programs aimed at parents and
teachers. Strengthening the synergy between home and school is key to preventing oral
diseases and promoting healthy habits from childhood.
Keywords: Oral health, oral hygiene, parents, health promotion, preschool education
INTRODUCCIÓN
La salud bucodental es una parte esencial de la salud general y el bienestar. Según la Organización
Mundial de la Salud (OMS), se define como el estado de la boca, los dientes y las estructuras
orofaciales que permite a las personas realizar funciones esenciales como comer, respirar y
hablar, e incluye dimensiones psicosociales como la confianza en uno mismo, el bienestar y la
capacidad de socializar y trabajar sin dolor, molestias ni vergüenza (1).